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The "Mızraklı İlmihal" (Speared Catechism) is an exquisite, concisely written work containing fundamental religious knowledge such as creed, worship, and ethics. Its original title is "Miftahu’l-Cenne" (Key to Paradise), and it was known as an *ilmihal* (catechism) in the Ottoman Empire.
Likewise, it was sent to every household in the Ottoman era, thereby serving as a medium for people to learn basic religious knowledge accurately and soundly. It is unknown when this distinguished work was written or who its author was. However, it has been rumored to have been written by Muhammad b. Qutb al-Din al-Izniqi.
Similarly, while there is no definitive information regarding why it is called "Mızraklı" (Speared), it has been suggested that it may have been named so due to the spears and banners depicted on its cover or first page.
Written in a concise manner, the Mızraklı İlmihal employs simple language and follows a style that anyone can understand. For this reason, it was distributed to mosques, *sıbyan* (primary) schools, and homes throughout the Sublime State (Ottoman Empire), taking its place among the most widely read and memorized works.
Old copies of this valuable work, written in Ottoman Turkish, can still be found in many homes across Anatolia today.
Although the Mızraklı İlmihal contains basic religious information in a concise manner, it does not follow a specific system or order. For instance, after providing information about prayer, it covers other topics and returns to subjects related to prayer later on.
The following main topics are covered in Miftahu’l-Cenne (Mızraklı İlmihal):
Prayer
Fasting
Ghusl (Full Ablution)
Tayammum (Dry Ablution)
Wudu (Ablution)
The Fifty-Four Obligations
Zakat (Almsgiving)
Sacrifice
Hajj (Pilgrimage)
Signs of Being Ahl-i Sunnah
The Four Caliphs and Their Merits
Sharia Rulings
Issues Regarding Faith
Attributes of Allah
Attributes of Prophets
Our School of Thought in Creed and Practice
Dhikr (Remembrance of God)
Good Morals
Major Sins
Disbelief (Kufr)
Various Issues
Compiled from precious Hanafi jurisprudence works, the Mızraklı İlmihal generally brings together the preferred views within the Hanafi school. The work does not include controversial issues, although different views within the school are mentioned regarding certain topics.
The works it draws upon include, primarily, Ibn Nujaim’s "al-Ashbah wa’n-Naza’ir," followed by Halabi’s "Multaqa al-Abhur," Abu Bakr al-Haddad’s "as-Siraj al-Wahhaj," as well as some of Ebüssuûd Efendi’s fatwas and Birgivi’s catechism, the "Vasiyetname" (Risale-i Birgivi).
In conclusion, the Mızraklı İlmihal became very widespread during the Ottoman era and was embraced by the public. Despite a dark century passing after the Ottoman period, it has been reprinted many times by numerous publishing houses today and has gained great popularity, particularly among valuable students of religious knowledge and the public in general.
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