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This work by Imam Birgivi has been prepared with a unique method among the five hundred or so existing books of forty hadiths. As a scholar from the Ottoman era of Suleiman the Magnificent, Imam Birgivi compiled these forty hadiths out of a need to explain the sunnahs to the people, complaining that, in his time, innovations (bid'ah) were more popular than the sunnahs. In the work, each hadith is explained under the headings of narration, vocabulary, rhetoric, syntax, commentary, derivation, question, and benefit, representing the eight gates of paradise. More than one hundred and seventy works were cited as references in the commentary of the hadiths, and approximately two hundred verses and six hundred hadiths were included. The commentary, left unfinished upon the death of Imam Birgivi, was completed by Muhammad Akkirmani—who authored nearly seventy works in various fields such as tafsir, hadith, fiqh, Arabic language, and logic—maintaining the same style. Imam Birgivi warned the relevant authorities, primarily the Sheikh al-Islam and the Grand Vizier, regarding the mistakes he observed in the practices of state officials, and he gave lessons and wrote works to inform the public about innovations and superstitions. The commentary on the forty hadiths, one of the works of Imam Birgivi that left a mark on Ottoman thought after him, has been adapted into modern language for the first time with this study.
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