The Balkan geography, which experienced one of the most serene periods of history by learning the culture of coexistence during the Ottoman era, decided to separate in 1912. During this period, the desire of Balkan states to regain the splendor of their ancient kingdoms became locked on Macedonia. History gave every state claiming rights over a territory an opportunity for confrontation. Bulgaria, Greece, Serbia, and Montenegro, which had claims on Macedonia, seized this opportunity with the Shtip Incident and the Kochana Massacre. Both events became the most important factors in the outbreak of the Balkan War. The process, which began with the bombing actions of Bulgarian committee members, influenced Bulgaria and European public opinion to take action against the Ottoman Empire through the press and rallies. This process, which the Ottoman government could not manage or influence effectively, eventually led to the Balkan War. In other words, the Shtip Incident and the Kochana Massacre prepared the environment that ensured the Ottoman Empire's withdrawal from the Balkans and were influential in the reshaping of the Balkans. This book narrates the process of approximately 100 years ago in detail under the guidance of documents and historical records. This text examines the political and social changes experienced in the Balkans during the Ottoman period. The impact of the Shtip Incident and the Kochana Massacre on the Balkan War and the processes that led to the Ottoman Empire's withdrawal from the Balkans are examined in detail.