The human body, and the human face in particular, is a fragment of divine wisdom. Every human being is primarily unique and singular through their face. And with this characteristic, the face is the first door through which a human opens up to another. Everything begins after this. Often, the first communication between human brothers and sisters takes place in a way that requires nothing else, as the eye opens to the face and the face is perceived by the eye. It has been said that the human face is a silent language. The soul and the countenance speak, in a sense, the same language. For every countenance, by its creation, intones the language of the soul: There are faces that are a safe harbor... there are faces that are a closed box... there are faces that are hunters of desire, man's unending longing... there are faces that are incomplete... there are faces that are a longing for another and an exile from themselves... there are faces that are judges to others and oblivious to themselves... there are faces that are cruel to others and treacherous to themselves... there are faces that are a theater whose curtain never falls... there are faces that are a threat to others and an exploitation of themselves... there are faces that are scorn for others and arrogance for themselves. Beginning in ancient times, masters of wisdom, philosophers, and psychologists have addressed their views on temperament, personality, and morality based on human appearance and the face within disciplines they called kıyafetnâme (physiognomy literature), ilm-i firâset (the science of physiognomy), ilm-i sîmâ (the science of countenance), and physiognomy. Al-Kindi, Muhyiddin Arabi, Fakhr al-Din al-Razi, Hamdullah Hamdi, Erzurumlu Ibrahim Hakki... from our civilization; and Hippocrates, Lavater, Kretschmer, and Sheldon from Western civilization are some of these. Contemporary philosophers have also stated that "the human is the face" and have seen the face as the "beginning of ethical existence, of human reality." In Ilm-i Firâset, it is not only the human face that is discussed, but a research into the human reality conducted in terms of all of man's visible limbs, temperaments, dispositions, intellect, heart, stages of life, the morality of human types, races, regions, places, and climates. The work is a competent study written on this subject that addresses what was written before it in a systematic way and within a scientific discipline.