{"product_id":"tasavvuf-i-islami-ve-funun-i-cedide-ve-felsefe-sehbenderzade-filibeli-ahmed-hilmi","title":"Islamic Sufism and Modern Sciences and Philosophy \/ Şehbenderzâde Filibeli Ahmed Hilmi","description":"\u003cp\u003eHuman nature possesses the predisposition for both good and evil. However, the dominance of one of these predispositions is a result of upbringing. If a person possessing the attributes of the \"nafs al-ammarah\" (the soul that commands evil) had absolutely no predisposition toward righteousness, it would be impossible for them to escape this state.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe attributes of the \"nafs al-ammarah\" are not enough to completely nullify the moral conscience. The moral conscience has the power to overcome the self, even within the worst of evils. There may be moments when even the worst person feels regret and self-loathing, which is a temporary triumph of the moral conscience. The term \"moral conscience\" may not have been used by ancient Sufis, but we find it appropriate because the word \"soul\" (ruh) can carry various meanings, and in fact, \"nafs\" and \"ruh\" often signify the same; therefore, it is much more appropriate to call the conscience that recognizes evil and performs good the \"moral conscience.\"\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe distinctive characteristics and discoverers of moral conscience are as follows: Justice, attraction (incizab), kindness, sublimity, and the confession of truth. What drives a person to develop their moral conscience is the admission of shortcomings by someone who possesses the attributes of the \"nafs al-ammarah.\"\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eThere are two perspectives regarding moral conscience. According to some, moral conscience never deviates from the Truth and is never deceived. It never calls evil good or good evil. No matter what is done in this regard, it is impossible to destroy the moral conscience. It is a judge seated at the foundation of human understanding and always reflects bad behaviors back onto their perpetrators.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eFor others, moral conscience also changes depending on education. Fundamentally, it cannot distinguish between good and evil. We see many evils in human history where those who committed them believed they were doing everything in the name of goodness and were praised for it. For example, the human sacrifice to certain idols; those who performed these acts thought they were doing a great good, and their moral conscience fully approved of these actions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe aspect in which human conscience is not deceived is the belief that good and evil are distinct things and that goodness exists. This is the point where conscience is not deceived. However, its perception of what is good and what is evil can be deceived. Religion, morality, and life are necessary because of this potential for error. If there were no danger of falling into error in this regard, people would not need any commands or guidance other than the voice of their conscience.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Büyüyenay Yayınları","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45314240446706,"sku":null,"price":208.0,"currency_code":"TRY","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0673\/5088\/8690\/products\/tasavvuf-i-islami-ve-funun-i-cedide-ve-felsefe.jpg?v=1709602362","url":"https:\/\/koklerkitab.com\/en-int\/products\/tasavvuf-i-islami-ve-funun-i-cedide-ve-felsefe-sehbenderzade-filibeli-ahmed-hilmi","provider":"Kökler Kitab","version":"1.0","type":"link"}